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Department Overview
General surgery is a surgical specialty focused on the treatment of diseases affecting various parts of the body. General surgeons perform surgical procedures on many areas including the abdominal region, digestive system, endocrine system, breast, and skin.
Common procedures in general surgery include the surgical treatment of conditions such as appendicitis, cholecystitis, hernias, hemorrhoids, and thyroid diseases. In addition to these common procedures, general surgeons also perform more complex and life-saving operations related to trauma, cancer treatment, and organ transplantation.
General surgery specialists apply a wide range of treatment methods, including surgical interventions when necessary, to improve patients’ quality of life and protect their overall health.
Appendicitis
Appendicitis is the inflammation of the appendix, a small tube located at the end of the large intestine in the lower right side of the abdomen.
It usually presents with symptoms such as sudden severe abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and fever.
Appendicitis is considered a medical emergency and typically requires surgical removal of the appendix (appendectomy).
Hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids are a condition caused by the swelling and inflammation of the veins in the anal region.
The most common causes include straining during bowel movements due to constipation or diarrhea, prolonged sitting, and increased pressure in the rectal area.
Symptoms may include pain, itching, bleeding, and discomfort around the anus. Treatment options vary depending on the severity and may include lifestyle changes, medications, or surgical procedures.
Small and Large Intestine Disorders
The small intestine is the longest part of the digestive system and is responsible for most of the nutrient absorption in the body. Disorders affecting the small intestine may result from conditions such as infections, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), lactose intolerance, celiac disease, and Crohn’s disease.
The large intestine (colon) stores undigested materials coming from the small intestine and eliminates them as stool. Conditions affecting the large intestine include constipation, diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis, and diverticulitis.
Stomach Diseases
Stomach diseases are among the most common digestive system disorders. The stomach plays a crucial role in digesting food and secreting digestive enzymes.
Common stomach conditions include gastric ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), gastritis, gastroparesis, and stomach cancer.
Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are important to prevent complications and maintain digestive health.
Pilonidal Sinus
Pilonidal sinus is a skin condition characterized by a tunnel-like structure under the skin that becomes inflamed and infected, usually originating from a hair follicle.
It commonly occurs in areas with dense hair growth, especially the sacral (tailbone) region, but may also appear in areas such as the armpits or groin.
Symptoms may include pain, redness, swelling, and discharge due to infection. If left untreated, it may lead to recurrent infections and abscess formation.
Treatment often involves minor surgical procedures to remove the affected tissue.
Breast Pain, Swelling or Hardness
Breast pain, swelling, hardness, or tenderness is a common complaint among women and may have several different causes.
Common causes include:
- Breast cysts (fibrocystic changes)
- Mastitis
- Breast cancer
- Hormonal changes
Breast cysts are fluid-filled sacs in the breast tissue that may cause swelling and discomfort. Mastitis is a breast infection that often occurs during or after breastfeeding.
Hormonal fluctuations, especially during the menstrual cycle, may also cause temporary breast tenderness.
Women experiencing any unusual breast symptoms are advised to consult a physician and undergo a clinical breast examination when necessary.
